BẢNG PHÂN LOẠI DUNG MÔI

 
TABLE 1

Solvent	formula	boiling point (oC)	melting point (oC)	density  (g/mL)	solubility in H2O1  (g/100g)	relative polarity2	eluant strength3	threshold limits4 (ppm)	vapor pressure 20oC (hPa)
acetic acid	C2H4O2	118	16.6	1.049	M	0.648	>1	10	15.3
acetone	C3H6O	56.2	-94.3	0.786	M	0.355	0.56	500	240
acetonitrile	C2H3N	81.6	-46	0.786	M	0.460	0.65	20	97
acetyl acetone	C5H8O2	140.4	-23	0.975	16	0.571			3
2-aminoethanol	C2H7NO	170.9	10.5	1.018	M	0.651		3	0.53
aniline	C6H7N	184.4	-6.0	1.022	3.4	0.420		2	0.4
anisole	C7H8O	153.7	-37.5	0.996	0.10	0.198			3.5*
benzene	C6H6	80.1	5.5	0.879	0.18	0.111	0.32	0.5	101
benzonitrile	C7H5N	205	-13	0.996	0.2	0.333		10	12
benzyl alcohol	C7H8O	205.4	-15.3	1.042	3.5	0.608			0.094*
1-butanol	C4H10O	117.6	-89.5	0.81	7.7	0.586		20	6.3
2-butanol	C4H10O	99.5	-114.7	0.808	18.1	0.506		100	18.3*
i-butanol	C4H10O	107.9	-108.2	0.803	8.5	0.552			10.5*
2-butanone	C4H8O	79.6	-86.3	0.805	25.6	0.327	0.51	200	105
t-butyl alcohol	C4H10O	82.2	25.5	0.786	M	0.389		100	41
carbon disulfide	CS2	46.3	-111.6	1.263	0.2	0.065	0.15	10	400
carbon tetrachloride	CCl4	76.7	-22.4	1.594	0.08	0.052	0.18	5	120
chlorobenzene	C6H5Cl	132	-45.6	1.106	0.05	0.188	0.30	10	12
chloroform	CHCl3	61.2	-63.5	1.498	0.8	0.259		10	210
cyclohexane	C6H12	80.7	6.6	0.779	0.005	0.006	0.04	100	104
cyclohexanol	C6H12O	161.1	25.2	0.962	4.2	0.509		50	1.2
cyclohexanone	C6H10O	155.6	-16.4	0.948	2.3	0.281		25	5
di-n-butylphthalate	C16H22O4	340	-35	1.049	0.0011	0.272
1,1-dichloroethane	C2H4Cl2	57.3	-97.0	1.176	0.5	0.269		100	240
1,2-dichloroethane	C2H4Cl2	83.5	-35.4	1.235	0.87	0.327			79*
diethylamine	C4H11N	56.3	-48	0.706	M	0.145	0.63	5	260
diethylene glycol	C4H10O3	245	-10	1.118	M	0.713			0.027
diglyme	C6H14O3	162	-64	0.945	M	0.244
dimethoxyethane (glyme)	C4H10O2	85	-58	0.868	M	0.231
N,N-dimethylaniline	C8H11N	194.2	2.4	0.956	0.14	0.179
dimethylformamide (DMF)	C3H7NO	153	-61	0.944	M	0.386		10	3.5
dimethylphthalate	C10H10O4	283.8	1	1.190	0.43	0.309
dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)	C2H6OS	189	18.4	1.092	M	0.444	0.75		0.61*
dioxane	C4H8O2	101.1	11.8	1.033	M	0.164	0.56	20	41
ethanol	C2H6O	78.5	-114.1	0.789	M	0.654	0.88	100	59
ether	C4H10O	34.6	-116.3	0.713	7.5	0.117	0.38	400	587
ethyl acetate	C4H8O2	77	-83.6	0.894	8.7	0.228	0.58	400	97
ethyl acetoacetate	C6H10O3	180.4	-80	1.028	2.9	0.577			0.78*
ethyl benzoate	C9H10O2	213	-34.6	1.047	0.07	0.228
ethylene glycol	C2H6O2	197	-13	1.115	M	0.790	1.11		0.092*
glycerin	C3H8O3	290	17.8	1.261	M	0.812
heptane	C7H16	98	-90.6	0.684	0.0003	0.012		400	48
1-heptanol	C7H16O	176.4	-35	0.819	0.17	0.549
hexane	C6H14	69	-95	0.655	0.0014	0.009	0.01	50	160
1-hexanol	C6H14O	158	-46.7	0.814	0.59	0.559			0.22*
methanol	CH4O	64.6	-98	0.791	M	0.762	0.95	200	128
methyl acetate	C3H6O2	56.9	-98.1	0.933	24.4	0.253		200	220
methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE)	C5H12O	55.2	-109	0.741	4.8	0.124	0.20		250*
methylene chloride	CH2Cl2	39.8	-96.7	1.326	1.32	0.309	0.42	50	475
1-octanol	C8H18O	194.4	-15	0.827	0.096	0.537
pentane	C5H12	36.1	-129.7	0.626	0.004	0.009	0.00	600	573
1-pentanol	C5H12O	138.0	-78.2	0.814	2.2	0.568			2.2*
2-pentanol	C5H12O	119.0	-50	0.810	4.5	0.488			6.1*
3-pentanol	C5H12O	115.3	-8	0.821	5.1	0.463			8.8*
2-pentanone	C5H10O	102.3	-76.9	0.809	4.3	0.321			35.4*
3-pentanone	C5H12O	101.7	-39.8	0.814	3.4	0.265		200	37.7*
1-propanol	C3H8O	97	-126	0.803	M	0.617	0.82		21*
2-propanol	C3H8O	82.4	-88.5	0.785	M	0.546	0.82	400	44
pyridine	C5H5N	115.5	-42	0.982	M	0.302	0.71	5	20
tetrahydrofuran(THF)	C4H8O	66	-108.4	0.886	30	0.207	0.57	200	200
toluene	C7H8	110.6	-93	0.867	0.05	0.099	0.29	50	29
water	H2O	100.00	0.00	0.998	M	1.000	>>1		17.5
water, heavy	D2O	101.3	4	1.107	M	0.991			15
p-xylene	C8H10	138.3	13.3	0.861	0.02	0.074	0.26	100	15

1    M = miscible.
2    The values for relative polarity are normalized from measurements of solvent shifts of absorption spectra and were
      extracted from Christian Reichardt, Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry, Wiley-VCH Publishers, 3rd ed., 2003.
3     Snyder's empirical eluant strength parameter for alumina.  Extracted from Reichardt, page 495.
4   Threshold limits for exposure.  Extracted from Reichardt, pages 501-502.
*    25^oC

TABLE 2

Solvent	formula	boiling point (oC)	melting point (oC)	density  (g/mL)	solubility in H2O1  (g/100g)	relative polarity2	eluant strength3	threshold limits4 (ppm)	vapor pressure 20oC (hPa)
cyclohexane	C6H12	80.7	6.6	0.779	0.005	0.006	0.04	100	104
pentane	C5H12	36.1	-129.7	0.626	0.0039	0.009	0.00	600	573
hexane	C6H14	69	-95	0.655	0.0014	0.009	0.01	50	160
heptane	C7H16	98	-90.6	0.684	0.0003	0.012		400	48
carbon tetrachloride	CCl4	76.7	-22.4	1.594	0.08	0.052	0.18	5	120
carbon disulfide	CS2	46.3	-111.6	1.263	0.2	0.065	0.15	10	400
p-xylene	C8H10	138.3	13.3	0.861	0.02	0.074	0.26	100	15
toluene	C7H8	110.6	-93	0.867	0.05	0.099	0.24	50	29
benzene	C6H6	80.1	5.5	0.879	0.18	0.111	0.32	0.5	101
ether	C4H10O	34.6	-116.3	0.713	7.5	0.117	0.38	400	587
methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE)	C5H12O	55.2	-109	0.741	4.8	0.124	0.20		250*
diethylamine	C4H11N	56.3	-48	0.706	M	0.145	0.63	5	260
dioxane	C4H8O2	101.1	11.8	1.033	M	0.164	0.56	20	41
N,N-dimethylaniline	C8H11N	194.2	2.4	0.956	0.14	0.179
chlorobenzene	C6H5Cl	132	-45.6	1.106	0.05	0.188	0.30	10	12
anisole	C7H8O	153.7	-37.5	0.996	0.10	0.198			3.5*
tetrahydrofuran  (THF)	C4H8O	66	-108.4	0.886	30	0.207	0.57	200	200
ethyl acetate	C4H8O2	77	-83.6	0.894	8.7	0.228	0.57	400	97
ethyl benzoate	C9H10O2	213	-34.6	1.047	0.07	0.228
dimethoxyethane (glyme)	C4H10O2	85	-58	0.868	M	0.231
diglyme	C6H14O3	162	-64	0.945	M	0.244
methyl acetate	C3H6O2	56.9	-98.1	0.933	24.4	0.253		200	220
chloroform	CHCl3	61.2	-63.5	1.498	0.8	0.259	0.40	10	210
3-pentanone	C5H12O	101.7	-39.8	0.814	3.4	0.265		200	37.7*
1,1-dichloroethane	C2H4Cl2	57.3	-97.0	1.176	0.5	0.269		100	240
di-n-butyl phthalate	C16H22O4	340	-35	1.049	0.0011	0.272
cyclohexanone	C6H10O	155.6	-16.4	0.948	2.3	0.281		25	5
pyridine	C5H5N	115.5	-42	0.982	M	0.302	0.71	5	20
dimethylphthalate	C10H10O4	283.8	1	1.190	0.43	0.309
methylene chloride	CH2Cl2	39.8	-96.7	1.326	1.32	0.309	0.42	50	475
2-pentanone	C5H10O	102.3	-76.9	0.809	4.3	0.321			35.4*
2-butanone	C4H8O	79.6	-86.3	0.805	25.6	0.327	0.51	200	105
1,2-dichloroethane	C2H4Cl2	83.5	-35.4	1.235	0.87	0.327			79*
benzonitrile	C7H5N	205	-13	0.996	0.2	0.333		10	12
acetone	C3H6O	56.2	-94.3	0.786	M	0.355	0.56	500	240
dimethylformamide (DMF)	C3H7NO	153	-61	0.944	M	0.386		10	3.5
t-butyl alcohol	C4H10O	82.2	25.5	0.786	M	0.389		100	41
aniline	C6H7N	184.4	-6.0	1.022	3.4	0.420		2	0.4
dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)	C2H6OS	189	18.4	1.092	M	0.444	0.75		0.61*
acetonitrile	C2H3N	81.6	-46	0.786	M	0.460	0.65	20	97
3-pentanol	C5H12O	115.3	-8	0.821	5.1	0.463			8.8*
2-pentanol	C5H12O	119.0	-50	0.810	4.5	0.488			6.1*
2-butanol	C4H10O	99.5	-114.7	0.808	18.1	0.506		100	18.3*
cyclohexanol	C6H12O	161.1	25.2	0.962	4.2	0.509		50	1.2
1-octanol	C8H18O	194.4	-15	0.827	0.096	0.537
2-propanol	C3H8O	82.4	-88.5	0.785	M	0.546	0.82	400	44
1-heptanol	C7H16O	176.4	-35	0.819	0.17	0.549
i-butanol	C4H10O	107.9	-108.2	0.803	8.5	0.552
1-hexanol	C6H14O	158	-46.7	0.814	0.59	0.559			0.22*
1-pentanol	C5H12O	138.0	-78.2	0.814	2.2	0.568			2.2*
acetyl acetone	C5H8O2	140.4	-23	0.975	16	0.571			3
ethyl acetoacetate	C6H10O3	180.4	-80	1.028	2.9	0.577			0.78*
1-butanol	C4H10O	117.6	-89.5	0.81	7.7	0.586		20	6.3
benzyl alcohol	C7H8O	205.4	-15.3	1.042	3.5	0.608			0.094*
1-propanol	C3H8O	97	-126	0.803	M	0.617	0.82		21*
acetic acid	C2H4O2	118	16.6	1.049	M	0.648	>1	10	15.3
2-aminoethanol	C2H7NO	170.9	10.5	1.018	M	0.651		3	0.53
ethanol	C2H6O	78.5	-114.1	0.789	M	0.654	0.88	1000	59
diethylene glycol	C4H10O3	245	-10	1.118	M	0.713			0.027
methanol	CH4O	64.6	-98	0.791	M	0.762	0.95	200	128
ethylene glycol	C2H6O2	197	-13	1.115	M	0.790	1.11
glycerin	C3H8O3	290	17.8	1.261	M	0.812
water, heavy	D2O	101.3	4	1.107	M	0.991			15
water	H2O	100.00	0.00	0.998	M	1.000	>>1		17.5

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